This thesis explores two novel algebraic applications of Internal Set Theory (IST). We propose an explicitly topological formalism of structural approximation of groups, generalizing previous work by Gordon and Zilber. Using the new formalism, we prove that every profinite group admits a finite approximation in the sense of Zilber. Our main result states that well-behaved actions of the approximating group on a compact manifold give rise to similarly well-behaved actions of periodic subgroups of the approximated group on the same manifold. The theorem generalizes earlier results on discrete circle actions, and gives partial non-approximability results for SO(3). Motivated by the extraction of computational bounds from proofs in a 'pure' fragment of IST (Sanders), we devise a ``pure'' presentation of sheaves over topological spaces in the style of Robinson and prove it equivalent to the usual definition over standard objects. We introduce a non-standard extension of Martin-Löf Type Theory with a hierarchy of universes for external propositions along with an external standardness predicate, allowing us to computer-verify our main result using the Agda proof assistant.