AIMS: The popularity of CBT as a first-line treatment for many psychological disorders has resulted in its application to ethnically diverse populations, despite its evidence base being rooted in Western populations. Equivalence in results between clients from Middle-Eastern and Western ethnicity has not been established. The aims of this review were to summarise the literature on CBT for mental health difficulties among Arab individuals in Middle Eastern countries and Arab minority individuals in Western countries. METHOD: Studies were identified through a systematic literature search using the databases PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PUBMED. RESULTS: Eight studies were included in this review, encompassing quantitative, qualitative, and case-report articles. All studies reported on the outcome of CBT interventions with Arab participant(s). CONCLUSION: Despite the scarcity of studies, small sample sizes, and a majority of non-clinical samples, the outcomes demonstrated that Arab individuals benefited from CBT. In studies that compared Western and Arab samples, the results were better for Western samples, indicating that CBT is less efficacious with Arab clients. A discussion on the strengths and limitations of the studies is presented.