This study brings together insights from translation studies, linguistics, church history and biblical studies in a comparative analysis of keywords from the New Testament book of Galatians. The overarching question of this work is: how do concepts travel? The main theoretical catalyst for this research is Raymond Williams' "Keywords: a vocabulary of culture and society" (1976), in which Williams recognises the importance of certain words in key debates and subtle connections between words that may exhibit ideological positions and worldviews. The subsequent research questions are: how are keywords translated to reveal ideological positions? And, how might the mapping and remapping of keywords from Galatians serve to reflect and indeed effect religious identities and inter-confessional relations today? Nine keywords are explored in terms of their mappings and remappings in both pivotal moments in Church history (such as the Reformation and the emergence of Liberation Theology and Pentecostal ism) and in the practice of contemporary Bible translation. The corpus comprises sixteen Bible translations written for a variety of purposes across French, German, Spanish and English.