This research has examined the combustion and emissions of a spray-guided direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The impact of EGR type, swirl and tumble intake airflows, compression ratio and fuel type were also investigated. EGR addition resulted in significant fuel consumption improvements and differing particulate matter (PM) behaviour depending on the knock limited maximum brake torque (KLMBT) spark advance achieved. When comparing EGR types, cooled EGR achieved the best fuel consumption and cooled EGR after three-way catalyst (TWC) achieved the best gaseous emissions (NOx and HC). Swirl and tumble intake airflows significantly increased fuel consumption. However, these increases could be minimized with EGR addition. Swirl significantly reduced the accumulation mode particulate emissions, providing a potential solution for PM reduction. EGR addition did not significantly affect PM for the swirl and tumble intake airflow conditions. 20%vol 1-butanol addition to gasoline fuel (Bu20) resulted in significant PM reductions at 8.5 bar IMEP. At 7.0 bar IMEP, EGR addition allowed the KLMBT spark timing to be advanced, as the compression ratio was increased. Fuel consumption was improved by 0.4% due to the spark advance and reduced pumping losses, and PM improved because the formation of primary particles was reduced.