The characteristics of space and the movement of agents are intrinsic elements which are fundamental to any class of biological problems. From the diffusion properties of small and macromolecules in the cytoplasm, to the migration patterns of populations in a macroecological perspective, it is now clear that a full understanding of the different phenomena requires further insights not only on how the different elements interact, but on the different ways they are distributed in space, according to the proper spatial scales for each problem. This work analyzes three different classes of biological problems, focusing on the role played by space in understanding the phenomena from a theoretical perspective. First, we investigate the clustering of mechanosensitive channels on bacterial membranes and how their spatial distribution can lead to collective behaviour, significantly altering their functions. Second, we study protein production, trying to understand how particular properties on ribosomes' diffusion are linked with specific features of the translation process. Finally, on a very different scale, we explore spatial patterns' formation on a coevolutionary problem, where the interaction between two species is site-dependent. We approach these problems with different analytical and numerical techniques, revealing new biological aspects and providing novel views on current discussions in each field. We believe our results reinforce the importance of theoretical approaches to Biology and how space can significantly change many of these models.