The scope of this study is to establish extensive material tests to determine the mechanical properties of cellular concrete and evaluate its potential as energy absorption material against air blast load. This study includes a literature review of existing studies on cellular concrete, proportioning, and its mechanical properties, together with studies on the properties and application of other foams such as aluminium and polymer foams. It is concluded that, unlike other foam materials, there is a lack of systematic studies on the mechanical properties of cellular concrete especially for densities less than 1000 kg/m3. The survey also reviewed the existence of materials being used as a sacrificial layer against air blast load, together with the analytical models proposed to determine the parameters required to design a cladding system. As a result it was found that cellular concrete can maintain most of the properties of the cladding materials and can be applied as a new sacrificial layer against the blast load. Extensive material tests are carried out to characterise the effect of ingredients and density on material properties of cellular concrete. Based on the experimental results, an empirical model is proposed which determines the plateau and densification regime of nominal stress-strain curve of the cellular concrete with different densities. The penetration resistance of cellular concrete with different densities under truncated, conical, flat and hemi-spherical solid indenters are studied experimental. By determining the deformation mechanism of cellular concrete under indentation with application of an X-Ray tomography image system, an analytical model is proposed to determine the resistance of cellular concrete under penetration of flat indenter. Experimental closed range blast tests are performed with 1kg and 3kg C4 explosive to determine the mitigation potential of cellular concrete against air blast load. Numerical modelling of the experimental blast test is carried out using Ansys LS-DYNA to evaluate the feasibility of the numerical modelling techniques to predict the response of cellular concrete against air blast load.