In dealing with the subject of Tuberculosis in early life, I have selected three clinical forms of the disease, viz. Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Cervical Adenitis, and Abdominal Tuberculosis, all of which are met with in childhood and adolescence, and I propose to draw some comparisons between their occurrence as I have observed it in Scotland and in Manchuria. The point of special interest in these comparisons is that in Scotland Bovine Tuberculosis is an important factor in the causation of much of the Tuberculosis met with in children, whereas in Manchuria the possibility of Bovine infection may be entirely excluded, as cow's milk is not used as an article of food by either children or adults. In this way I hope, while corroborating existing theories, to throw new light on ideas regarding the factors contributing to the causation and spread of Tuberculosis among children and young people in Scotland. In Part I, I have dealt with the forms of the disease in question from the standpoint of their occurrence in Scotland, and have discussed the following:- (1). Mortality Rate, with Tables from the Registrar - General's Returns. (2). Heredity and its bearing on the subject of Tuberculosis, with results of investigations. (3). Importance of early diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in children. (4). Bovine Tuberculosis and its relation to Tuberculosis in children, with results of investigations. Important relationship of clinical data and milk supply. In Part II, I have introduced the subject of Tuberculosis in Manchuria by giving a general outline of the Manners and Customs of the people as having an important bearing on the question of Incidence Mortality. Thereafter I have taken seriatim the three selected clinical forms of Tuberculosis, and have discussed each one from the point of view of Age Incidence, Predisposing Causes, Prognosis and Treatment. The final Summary embodies the salient points of the Thesis, more particularly those relating to Bovine Infection during the milk- drinking period of life, while the Conclusions are directed towards more efficient supervision and control of the milk supply, together with a recommendation for compulsory sterilisation of covets milk ere it be used for the purposes of infant feeding.