Title:
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Queer witnessing : intersubjective storytelling in selected novels of Shani Mootoo, Tahar Ben Jelloun and Ann-Marie MacDonald
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This thesis explores the idea of queer witnessing as a form of multisensory embodied
remembering. It suggests that the political potential of theories of performativity, where
bodies and spaces are opened up to change through repetition, needs to be rethought
through the notion of witnessing. Rather than assuming repetition means change,
performativity is unpacked in order to stress which components are necessary for
change to become imaginable and possible, and which reinforce the status quo.
Bringing together Judith Butler's work on bodily performativity and Romi Bhabha's on
postcolonial performativity, this project draws out the centrality of witnessing to the
possibility of narrating past violence and to the instantiation of alternative forms of
embodiment and belonging.
Unlike the emphasis on the individual in trauma theory, the selected novels draw
out the importance of witnessing as a communal act of infinite responsibility. The
ethics that emerges from these texts is situated in the opacity of the narrative form and,
thus, in the impossibility of a definitive story. It is through an encounter with epistemic
limits that history is reformulated as an ethical mode of inter subjective storytelling.
Each chapter focuses on the particular historical contexts of the selected novelsthe
Caribbean in Shani Mootoo's Cereus Blooms at Night (1996), Morocco in Tahar
Ben Jelloun's L 'Enfant de sable (1985) [The Sand Child] and La Nuit sacree (1987)
[The Sacred Night], and the East coast of Canada in Ann-Marie MacDonald's Fall on
Your Knees (1996) - in order to suggest that the potentiality of bearing witness is deeply
intertwined with the specificities of colonial and familial violence. The narration of
these histories becomes possible through an undoing of the self in relation to the other,
where the boundary between self and other is conceived of as precarious and vulnerable.
The possibility of hearing an other's story is not only the ability to understand
referential language but also a willingness to communicate with the body through touch,
smells and sounds. In sum, this thesis argues that the possibility of non-violent
encounters and narrating unspeakable histories is situated in the ethics that emerges at
the juncture of communal narration and bodily vulnerability.
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