Cultural competence and working with diversity are concepts which refer to the ability of professionals to work with individuals from minority groups. Furthermore, these concepts are receiving increased interest from mental health fields and services are expected to practice in a culturally competent manner. The predominant aims of this thesis were therefore to examine whether mental health professionals were equipped to respond to the needs of the increasingly diverse society in the UK; and to explore whether the dominant models used. in mental health services were effective in working with all individuals. To achieve the first aim, a qualitative review was conducted to explore whether cultural competence was being practiced in the clinical psychology profession. It subsequently argued the need for training in this area within clinical psychology doctorate courses. Additionally, a phenomenological qualitative study explored the experiences of individuals with religious and spiritual beliefs to see whether CBT was an effective approach. The findings from both the review and research paper suggest that although discourses about working with diversity are increasing, cultural competence is lacking. Specifically, the views of the participants in the research study wished for their identity to be explored in therapy, a view which was corroborated by many minority group individuals in the review. Furthermore it was both acknowledged and emphasised that individual differences can exist within any individual and difference should not only be recognised but explored also. It was therefore concluded that mental health professionals, including clinical psychologists' need to receive training in how to practice with cultural competence. Suggestions were made to develop this area to enable practitioner' to see that any individual may reflect a minority group identity.