This thesis seeks to demonstrate that a dialectical motif of power runs paradigmatically throughout Dietrich Bonhoeffer's theology, finding its ultimate expression in his theology of the cross. Power and weakness serve as a matrix through which Bonhoeffer approached life. Thus, what began as an implicit theological category for him gradually became an intentionally explicit motif, the terms of which gained their meaning increasingly according to Luther's theologia crucis. By examining how power and weakness manifest themselves dialectically in his understanding of God, humanity, and sin, one can see how Bonhoeffer offers a fresh understanding of divine and human power, and how these concepts gain renewed meaning methodologically and materially according to Luther's theologia crucis. Because of this sustained analysis of the meaning of power in Bonhoeffer's theology, we then examine his notion of the "arcane discipline" as a viable model for power in contemporary theology. Having ascertained the meaning associated with Bonhoeffer's dialectical concept of human and divine power, the ethical ramifications of his theological concept are discussed. In so doing, Bonhoeffer's novel definition and model of power yield a new theological and ethical language from within its overall structure.