Title:
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The perspectives of health professionals on the psychosocial impact of an altered appearance among adolescents treated for cancer
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Despite evidence suggesting that an altered appearance can impact on the
psychological and social functioning of adolescent cancer patients, patient and
parental reports imply that the provision of appearance-related psychosocial support
can be inadequate. This study therefore investigated the perspectives of 62 health
professionals from paediatric oncology multi-disciplinary teams across the UK,
regarding the impact of appearance change on adolescent patients, their
experiences of delivering appearance-related care, and their training needs in this
area.
A two-phase qualitatively driven mixed methods design was employed. An inductive
qualitative approach was used in phase one to generate detailed data about a thus
far unexplored topic. Findings from this phase informed phase two: a deductive
mixed qualitative / quantitative approach employed to triangulate and further explore
the initial qualitative themes. The findings from both parts were then integrated to
incorporate the depth of part one with the breadth of part two. Integrated findings
were divided into two main outcomes. The first depicts health professionals'
perceptions of the psychosocial and behavioural impact of appearance distress and
their experiences of interventions that prevent or ameliorate appearance concern.
The second illustrates personal barriers (among health professionals, adolescents
and parents) and organisational barriers that can combine to inhibit the delivery of
appearance-related support and suggestions by health professionals on how these
may be overcome.
Findings demonstrate that the appearance needs of patients are extensive and
varied, but due to the barriers identified can be poorly addressed or overlooked.
Nonetheless some practitioners are utilising a variety of interventions supported by
theory and evidence of their success in other clinical areas.
Recommendations are made for the content, design and co-ordination of
appearance interventions for adolescents and for the content of education
programmes to meet the training needs identified by participants.
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