Title:
|
Understanding corporate governance in Mexico : a Bourdieusian approach
|
This research, which is grounded on Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical framework deals
with the explanation of corporate governance as a social space and the practices of
audit committee members, internal auditors and independent board members within a
public listed corporation in Mexico. The theories of field and practice of Pierre
Bourdieu helps us to understand the space of struggle within the corporate governance
field in Mexico. The habitus a central concept in Bourdieu's theory focuses on the way
of acting, feeling, thinking and being of actors in the corporate governance field. And
the field as part of the on-going context in which the actors live, structures the habitus,
while at the same time the habitus is the basis for social agents' understanding of their
lives, including the field.
The dialectical relationship between the field and the habitus overcomes the duality of
structure and agency, because following Bourdieu the habitus mediates between the
individual and the social collective. The analysis shows that the field of corporate
governance is structured and structuring with the practices of participants in the social
space. Hence, the habitus carries history to the present circumstances of audit
committee members, internal auditors, independent board members, institutional actors, professional agents and all those participants in the corporate governance field
in Mexico. It is through the habitus that the corporate governance field in Mexico is
produced and reproduced.
Corporate governance practices also reflect the culture of corporate actors in Mexico.
The analysis also looked at patterns of social organization through the structural
network of board interlocks. The analysis shows that corporate governance practices
adopted in Mexico reproduce existing hierarchies of power and have created new
objects of social organization that perpetuate the prevailing structures. That is, the
practical knowledge of audit committee members, internal auditors and independent
board members purports an independent authentication of the company's financial
statements and internal control. But, the analysis shows that their inclusion in the
corporate governance field is sustaining a particular power structure. In other words,
majority shareholders control Mexican corporations and the analysis shows that
corporate governance practices in Mexico are not neither neutral nor disinterested.
Instead, it was found that corporate governance practices and the corporate
instrumental discourse of control, accountability and corporate transparency are
consolidating a particular corporate order and power relations.
The analysis also shows that the positions corporate agents and institutional actors
occupied in the corporate governance field in Mexico are political in the sense that
they are characterized by institutional structures and arrangements, hierarchies,
instruments of control and command and power systems. In this way, corporate
governance in Mexico can be seen as a contested discursive terrain, within which there
is a variety of voices engaged in a political process of claims for recognition,
acceptance and dominance.
Despite the importance of board interlocks, the role of audit committee, internal
auditors and independent board members m the operation of effective corporate
governance, researchers and policy makers paid little attention especially in emerging
economies such as Mexico. This research fills this gap. I used data from in-depth
interviews and corporate annual reports to understand the field of corporate
governance in Mexico.
|