This dissertation describes the results of an investigation into why and how Paul uses Scripture in Phil. 2:10-16. The purpose of the study has been to test the suggestion that a cluster of tacit references to specific books of the OT embedded by Paul in Phil. 2:10-16 functions as a group of literary allusions that are integral or foundational to his epistolary argument. Hence, in chapter one we outline the need for our investigation and critique representative views of how Scripture’s presence and function in Paul’s letters have been understood in recent scholarship. In chapter two we investigate an appropriate foundation for our own analysis by examining several theories from the field of literary and rhetorical criticism. We explore Lloyd Bitzer’s model of rhetorical situation for its suitability in interpreting Philippians as functional argumentation, written to correct a specific issue. We also analyse the intertextual theory advanced by Michael Riffaterre as a convention for reading texts containing successive, embedded fragments of other texts. His theory accounts for a text and its embedded fragments as a transformation of a pre-existent determinate structure – the matrix. We will use Bitzer’s and Riffaterre’s theories as the framework for constructing the matrix or rhetorical situation for Philippians and explicating the presence and function of successive fragments of OT texts in Phil. 2:10-16. Then we investigate Ziva Ben- Porat’s four-stage process of actualising a literary allusion. We will use her theory to distinguish the denoting and connoting functions of allusion, and adopt her typology for the interpretation of literary allusions in Phil. 2:10-16. In chapter three, we conduct a rhetoricalexegetical analysis of Phil. 1:27-3:21 with a view to constructing the rhetorical situation and propose a hypothetical historical situation which prompted composition. We interact with several NT scholars, challenging the dominant interpretations of key passages, before offering our own. In chapter four, we build on chapters two and three by using the theories of rhetorical situation, intertextuality and allusion to test for the presence and functioning of Scripture in Phil. 2:10-16. We propose a writing convention for Paul and conclude that he uses Scripture because he is addressing a recurring rhetorical situation which shares “world components” with Philippians.