Title:
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Listening to young children : an investigation of children's day care experience in children's centres
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The provision of day care in Children's Centres is considered to be one of the key
delivery mechanisms to achieve outcomes for children as set out in the Every Child
Matters Agenda (DfES, 2003). The outcomes include, being healthy, staying safe,
enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and economic well-being.
The aim is to improve outcomes for all young children and in particular close the
gap between the most disadvantaged and others. It is the intention that outcomes for
children will be improved by increasing high quality integrated childcare and early
learning.
Although the need to obtain children's views on services is recognised in
government policy and guidance for Children's Centres, research and practice
suggests that this has not taken place for day care. Absent in the research has been
an investigation of changes and improvements in day care based on listening to the
children.
This small scale qualitative research investigated how young children were
experiencing and enjoying their day care in Children's Centres and how this could
be improved through listening to them. The questions that were addressed were;
How are children experiencing day care in Children's Centres?
What is it about their day care experiences that children enjoy?
How can we 'make it better' for children in day care?
Six young children receiving full-time day care in two nurseries based in Children's
Centres were selected. Tools, including a full day observation, interview, tours, use
of cameras and role play were developed to listen to each child. An ethnographic
approach to data gathering was employed to gain insights from the children's
perspectives and to enable them to take a lead in showing how they were
experiencing and enjoying their day care.
Findings were obtained through an instrumental case study design employing
multiple methods, triangulation and an inductive methodological and analytical
approach. The critical realist epistemological approach underpinning the research
permitted consideration of how important aspects of day care could be improved and
constructed based on a unified voice of the children.
Main findings and the contribution of this research were as follows;
• Relationships with carers and other children had high importance to these
children in day care.
• A significant finding was the children's enjoyment and choice of a wide
range of play and early learning activities in the nurseries.
• There were shortcomings in the day care of older children relating to the
availability of key adults and their interactions with adults.
• There may be assumptions underlying day care practices that are based on
the needs of nurseries not children.
• Children may have needs related to attachment with key adults and children
in day care settings.
Implications of findings for the development of day care practices, research and the
contribution of educational psychology are discussed in context of the literature. The
contribution of the research to the development of tools, methodologies and
inductive approaches to listen to young children is highlighted. The psychological
need for children's attachments with adults and children within day care settings is
uniquely raised. Implications for extension of attachment theory and the
development of relationships in day care contexts are explored.
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