Title:
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The experience of individuals with developmental facial disfigurements
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This study examined the experience of individuals with developmental facial
disfigurements. For the majority of individuals, the face is the most significant
part of the body exposed to public scrutiny on a daily basis and is significant
for multiple psychological as well as functional reasons. Facial attractiveness
has been a highly valued trait throughout human history. Research
demonstrates that facial attractiveness conveys social advantages, whilst the
opposite is true of facial unattractiveness. People with facial disfigurements
feel the unpleasant results of this and often suffer from a range of
psychosocial difficulties such as anxiety, depression, poor subjective quality of
life and low self-esteem. The aim of this study was to investigate the
experience of individuals with a specific developmental facial disfigurement
and their motivations for undertaking appearance-altering surgery. The study
employed a qualitative methodology, which is uncommon in this area of
research. Three men and four women participated in the study. They were
interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. The interviews were
tape-recorded, transcribed and analysed using Interpretative
Phenomenological Analysis. Four super-ordinate themes emerged from the
analysis: 'Living with a visible facial difference', 'Rationale for treatment',
'Opinions of others about treatment' and 'Dilemmas posed by treatment'. The
participants experienced functional problems which they felt embarrassed
about and caused others to mock them. They had a variety of reasons for
wanting to have surgery, highlighting functional and aesthetic improvements.
They also had some doubts about the consequences of treatment, particularly
wearing braces. These findings were discussed in relation to the literature.
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