Title:
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The experience of minor facial injury sustained in assalts : an interpretative phenomenological analysis
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This study investigated the personal experience of sustaining a minor facial injury in
an assault. Research has highlighted the existence of psychological difficulties
following assault related facial injury. However, little is known about the relative
contributions of the `circumstances of the injury' and the `facial injury' itself, to the
experience of psychological distress. The aim of this research was to explore the
personal experience of sustaining a minor facial injury (in the form of a laceration)
during an assault, in order to understand its impact on life and the ways in which
people cope with and adjust to this traumatic event and potentially appearance altering
injury.
The study employed a qualitative methodology. Six men and one woman participated
in the research. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview
schedule and the discussions were tape-recorded. The transcripts were analysed using
an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Six super-ordinate themes emerged
from the analysis: `Immediate and transient impact of assault and minor facial
laceration', `Psychological & behavioural aftermath of assault and minor facial
laceration', `Strong sense of morality and need for justice', `Altered social
interaction', `Self-reflection and evaluation' and `Managing the impact of the assault
and altered appearance'.
Participants reported an altered sense of psychological awareness during the assault
and a strong desire for self-preservation. Following the assault, feelings of fear, anger
and insecurity were described. Reactions to facial lacerations varied amongst
participants, but there was a general appraisal that less visible scars have less of an
impact. Participants expressed a strong need for justice, together with an expectation
that the police and criminal justice system would hold the perpetrators accountable for
their actions. Social interactions were felt to have changed as a result of their altered
appearance and participants described being stared at and feeling judged by others. A
period of self reflection was reported whereby participants attempted to make sense of
the assault experience. Finally, participants described different ways in which they
managed the impact of the assault and minor facial laceration. These findings are
discussed in relation to the relevant literature.
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