Title:
|
'Routes to achievement' : the intersections of race, class, gender and colour and the underachievement of Afro-Trinidadian boys
|
In Trinidad, a pigrnentocratically structured postcolonial society, public discourse on race
and education often simplistically labels Afro-Trinidadian boys as the lowest academic
achievers. Stereotypical views, reminiscent of deficit thinking models, situates blame in
deficient cultural values and single female headed homes; issues viewed endemic in the
typically darker skinned working class.
In challenging this pathological construction, an innovative theoretical approach is adopted,
one which is premised on an epistemological understanding of human experience as
inseparably intersectional and socio-historically contextualised. This approach marries both
Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capital and field. This
theoretical hybrid enables a symbiotic analytical platform able to appreciate both structure
and agency; thus allowing for situational identity to be understood as within the context of
wider socio-historical processes of race, class and gender, evident in the legacy of
colonialism.
Operationalised through a qualitative approach, data on key interrelated areas of race,
masculinities and social class were collected at two Trinidadian primary schools. One was
publicly acclaimed as a centre of excellence and the other stereotyped as a typical failing
urban community school. A sample of Afro-Trinidadian boys, their parents, teachers and
principals constituted the research participants.
The emerging picture refutes deficit models, emphasizing a pigmentocratic discourse
embodied in differential school ethos, teacher perception and pedagogical practice.
Similarly, the re-imagining of the role model debate challenges the simplistic arguments
levied against underachieving minoritised groups of low motivation and aspirations; instead,
identity formation is posited as a more complex process. Equally, the operationalization of
what I term `racialised facilitative capital' contradicts deficit models which blame deficient
capital in failing minorities. Alternatively capital is centred as a racialised process of politic,where the capital of dominant groups is constructed as superior and that of minoritised
groups as inferior; ultimately reflective of racialised achievement patterns.
|