Title:
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Four Critics : Modernist Sculpture and Literary Form
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This thesis is concerned with readings of sculpture in Britain between 1900 and
1960, particularly by Ezra Pound, Adrian Stokes, Herbert Read and John Berger.
The ideas on sculpture of each of the critics are examined in individual chapters.
The study concentrates on texts that illustrate the diversity of literary forms in
which accounts of sculpture were constructed. Those discussed include memoir,
travel writing, biography, journalism and the novel. The study examines the
literary and art historical traditions that had a bearing on the thought and
methods of the four critics and identifies common themes in their writing. These
include the figure of the sculptor, sculpture and memory, sculpture and war. Its
central concern, however, is with the literary forms and emplotment of their
narratives.
The key findings of the thesis indicate that whereas some critics modified longestablished
genres others experimented with innovative literary and visual forms.
It is argued that these choices were affected by the polemical intentions of their
writing. They raided the history of art to construct lineages for contemporary art
and to propose new forms of sculptural and literary production. Other factors that
had a bearing on the form, emplotment and language of their accounts - the late
institutionalisation of art history in Britain, the need to differentiate their writing
from past and contemporary aesthetic, literary and art historical traditions,
politics, their complicity with sculptors and connections with each other - are
identified. Their writing, it is argued, constituted a powerful story about modernist
sculpture in which carving, abstraction, the engagement with contemporary life
and a highly individualised notion of the artist came to the fore.
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