Title:
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Using participatory action research to develop an organization's strategy
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The research was undertaken with the primary aim of answering the following five
main research questions. Can PAR provide a cohesive way to give those who want it
an authoritative voice in shaping their own future and that of their whole organization?
Can a 'creative' strategy-making process be used as the vehicle for capturing that
voice and institutionalizing it as a blueprint for the future? Can Participatory Action
Research (PAR) be used to research these operational processes in detail and in real
time? Can an insider researcher who is also a top manager facilitate the intervention
without having one role overpower the other? Can the strategizing role boundary be
shifted without disenfranchising those previously responsible for strategizing, and
without the process being derailed by them?
PAR was selected as the organization development (OD) methodology for this
intervention because, consistent with these questions, it aims to precipitate
transformational change intended to correct perceived systemic disadvantage. At the
same time it recognizes the need for accommodations regarding the extant disposition
of power and related role enactment. And PAR is especially well suited as a
methodology for researching a social change process dependent on power transfer,
because it empowers the people in the system as co-researchers in an ethical
framework. Consistent with the PAR methodology, the participants were the main
research instrument, utilizing self reports as the main tool. This `human instrument'
was augmented by the objective input of a team of non-participant observers.
The research was significant because it indicates that PAR can be an effective OD
methodology for giving those people who want it an authoritative voice in shaping their
future and that of their whole organization - and that a creative strategizing model built
on components advocated in the literature can be used as the vehicle for capturing
that voice. In the process, it demonstrates that the strategizing role boundary can be
shifted without resistance from the elites who are required to relinquish it.
Furthermore, it shows that PAR is an appropriate methodology for researching all
these processes in real time. Finally, it demonstrates that an insider researcher who is
also a member of the elite can facilitate the OD and research processes without the
inherent role conflict becoming unmanageable.
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