This thesis examines the basis and nature of the relationship between the British our Party and political Zionism. Specifically, it locates the decision-making process and policies of the British New Labour Party towards political Zionism and the Israel-Palestinian question, within the historical evolution of this relationship. This thesis demonstrates that this relationship is uniquely based on common origins, a shared socialist ideology and related religious philosophies, with the Labour Party historically demonstrating a pro-political Zionist tendency in its decision and policymaking trajectory. However, a growing awareness within the Labour Party of the realities of both Palestine and political Zionism, in particular the consequences for the indigenous people, - the Palestinians, has presented key Labour figures, and the party generally, with an essential dilemma. The thesis argues that support for political Zionism has ultimately posed ideological and political contradictions for the Labour Party, whilst simuhaneously presenting personal psychological dilemmas for key leadership and policy-making figures. The three dimensions of this essential dilemma, ideological, political and psychological, have combined in a process of progressive adjustment of the historical pro-political Zionist policy trajectory, towards a position of neutrality. This adjustment has been consistent through the old Labour and New Labour decision and policy-making eras, and therefore the policy of New Labour cannot be fully understood without reference to this historical evolutionary process. This neutral position has enabled the party to not only accommodate its traditional pro-political Zionism inclinations, which stem from the personal or psychological and ideological commitments of its leadership and constituencies, but also to avoid ththe full implications ol internal and external determinants that might have otherwise divided the party.