Isosaccharinic acid (ISA) was synthesised according to the procedure given by Whistler et al. [8]. In order to study the role of cellulose degradation products, pure cellulose was degraded with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) at pH=13.5 applying microwave energy. Chromatographic separation and identification of the degraded products have shown that short chain aliphatic hydroxy carboxylic acids such as formic, lactic, acetic, glycolic, are minor products and ISA is the major degradation product of the cellulose. The HPLC results of ISA, synthesised according to [8] and ISA obtained by degrading cellulose were compared. Both HPLC result were similar. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Ion-Exchange methods, Column Chromatography, combined technique of Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR: 1H; 13C), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Polarimetry, elemental analysis (CHN), melting point methods and UV-Spectrophotometry techniques were applied for the separation, identification, and characterisation of isosaccharinic acid.