Use this URL to cite or link to this record in EThOS: https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409886
Title: Rotating exchange flows through straits with multiple channels
Author: Rabe, Benjamin
ISNI:       0000 0001 3504 0991
Awarding Body: University of Southampton
Current Institution: University of Southampton
Date of Award: 2004
Availability of Full Text:
Access from EThOS:
Full text unavailable from EThOS. Please try the link below.
Access from Institution:
Abstract:
Ocean basins are connected by straits and passages geometrically limiting important heat and salt exchanges which in turn influence the global thermohaline circulation and climate. Such exchange can be modelled in an idealised way by taking into consideration the density-driven two-layer flow along the strait and the influence of rotation, in particular when the first mode baroclinic Rossby radius is of the same order or smaller than strait width. Some straits have complex bottom topography, such as the Strait of Sicily or the Straits of Hormuz. It is is the objective of this study to understand when and why this has to be taken into consideration. We use a laboratory model of a lock exchange between two reservoirs of different density through a flat-bottom channel with a horizontal narrows, set up on two different platforms: a Im diameter turntable, where density interface position was measured by dye attenuation, and the 14m diameter turntable at Coriolis/LEGI (Grenoble, France). On the latter, this type of experiment was carried out for the first time, measuring velocity using Correlation Imaging Velocimetry, a particle imaging technique. In all experiments, the influence of rotation is studied by varying a parameter, R₀, the ratio of the Rossby radius to the channel width at the narrows. In addition, the simple channel is modified by adding a central island to represent straits with non-uniform topography at the narrows Results show that the quasi-steady exchange flux for simple channels varies in a way similar to a theoretical prediction by Whitehead et al. (1974). When an island is introduced, the dimensional flux is larger than without an island for R₀ ~ 1. However, the total exchange is less than the sum of exchanges that would be expected from each individual channel. Furthermore, for R₀ > 1 the non-dimensional cross-channel slope at the narrows is shallower than predicted by Dalziel (1988)'s semi-geostrophic theory for simple channels. However, scaling R₀ using a reduced channel width in the island cases leads to a variation of these quantities with R₀ in accordance with theory. For R₀ > 1 two-layer flow persisted across the channel at the narrows with or without an island, but distinctly flows occurred for lower R₀. One quasi-steady state with R₀ ~ 0.7 showed a 'spilt' regime with upper and lower layer currents passing on different sides of the island (left, looking downstream, respectively). A recirculation near the island tips was noticeable, particularly for R₀ << 1, where distinct jets circulated around the tips, opposing the flow of same density on the other side of the island. A similar phenomenon has been found in some oceanic strait flows. Flow at very low R₀ did not appear to reach a steady state but instead showed an oscillating current around the narrows associated with several, often barotropic, vortices. Instantaneous flow fields in those cases, however, still showed an exchange between the reservoirs, with one island case showing a flow split by the island and almost barotropic on either side. There, fluxes were twice as high as predicted by two-layer theory. Our study showed that the combination of rotation and an island introduce significant 3-dimensional aspects to the flow, not present in non-rotating exchange flows.
Supervisor: Not available Sponsor: Not available
Qualification Name: Thesis (Ph.D.) Qualification Level: Doctoral
EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.409886  DOI: Not available
Share: