This study is concerned with an analysis of bio-demographic determinants of fertility and child survival in Kuwait. The study is based on data derived from the 1987 Kuwait Child Health Survey. The study first examines current levels and differentials in nuptiality, fertility and family planning at the aggregate level. This is followed by an individual analysis of demographic and socio-economic determinants of fertility using multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that fertility is high in Kuwait although there is indication that it has declined from the very high level prevailing until the recent past. The implied long-term trend suggests a recent reduction in fertility of between one and two live births per woman, from over 7.8 to about 6.5 children. The results also show significant areal differentials in fertility and an inverse association between level of maternal education and both completed and incomplete fertility. The analysis also reveals significant reductions in infant and child mortality in Kuwait since the early 1970s. The analysis suggests that the availability and accessibility of excellent maternal and child health services in Kuwait have negated the possible adverse effects of the prevailing reproductive and breastfeeding patterns.