Title:
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A synthesis for industrial design computerisation for Malaysia.
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Malaysia is embarking on a policy to transform the nation into a fully industrialised
country by the year 2020 and this has implications for the industrial design profession
and design education. Early studies and observations in this research identified that the
body of knowledge is very rudimentary and teaching of computerisation is still
detached from the teaching of industrial design. There is a need to consolidate the
benefits that the computer can offer for designing into a structured curriculum to
prepare the next generation of designers to meet the challenges of the future.
Three phases of data collection were adopted in this research. The first phase involved
a survey to establish the present perception of computerisation both in design
consultancies and universities in the UK and Malaysia. The survey data were cleaned
up and analysed resulting in an indication of. the extent of the general usage of
computers in industrial design which at present is still very low-key. Many are
restricting their use to 2D graphics features of the computer software. Only a small
number of design consultancies and educational establishments exploit the computer's
3D modelling power for designing.
This survey work was followed by case studies with selected respondents that formed
the second phase of the research. These case studies were carried out with industrial
design lecturers at four academic institutions, design consultancies, and industrial
design professionals. The four educational case studies reflected the presence of four
different levels of approach to the teaching of computerisation in industrial design. The
case studies with design consultancies in the UK showed how they were being
pressured by their clients' desire to reduce product realisation timescales thereby
forcing them to adopt computerisation in their design practices. Whereas the case
studies with industrial design professionals in Malaysia showed that, although still at
an early phase, they all have a very positive view about the value of computing in
industrial design.
The final phase concerned a CAD experiment with industrial design students. This was
designed with internal and external validity of the experiment as important
considerations. The aim was to establish if there was any observed advantage in using
the computer for designing. Data obtained were statistically analysed using the SPSS
PC+ statistical package. Results were produced which revealed strong indicators that
students involved with the experiment, and as a consequence designed using
computers, showed a positive change in their opinion about computing after the
experiment.
The observed advantages of computer-aided industrial design (CAID) achieved by
industrial design students during this research were studied, as was the outcome of the
analysis of teaching practices in several universities and academic institutions both in
the UK and Malaysia. The resulting evidence became the basis for formulating a
proposed structured curriculum model for the teaching of computation in industrial
design.
A synthesis of computational solutions based on these studies, along with a
combination of empirical factors, has enabled an innovative model to be proposed for
the teaching of computing skills within industrial design education in- Malaysia.
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